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<div class="section" id="how-to-protect-an-instance">
<h1>How to protect an instance<a class="headerlink" href="#how-to-protect-an-instance" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>Searx depens on external search services. To avoid the abuse of these services it is advised to limit the number of requests processed by searx.</p>
<p>An application firewall, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">filtron</span></code> solves exactly this problem. Information on how to install it can be found at the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/asciimoo/filtron">project page of filtron</a>.</p>
<div class="section" id="sample-configuration-of-filtron">
<h2>Sample configuration of filtron<a class="headerlink" href="#sample-configuration-of-filtron" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>An example configuration can be find below. This configuration limits the access of</p>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li>scripts or applications (roboagent limit)</li>
<li>webcrawlers (botlimit)</li>
<li>IPs which send too many requests (IP limit)</li>
<li>too many json, csv, etc. requests (rss/json limit)</li>
<li>the same UserAgent of if too many requests (useragent limit)</li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<div class="code json highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"search request"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"filters"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Param:q"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Path=^(/|/search)$"</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="s2">"interval"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">interval</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="ow">in</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">sec</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">max</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">number</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="ow">in</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">interval</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"subrules"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"roboagent limit"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"interval"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">interval</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="ow">in</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">sec</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">max</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">number</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="ow">in</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">interval</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"filters"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Header:User-Agent=(curl|cURL|Wget|python-requests|Scrapy|FeedFetcher|Go-http-client)"</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="s2">"actions"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"block"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"params"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"message"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"Rate limit exceeded"</span><span class="p">}}</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">},</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"botlimit"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"stop"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"filters"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Header:User-Agent=(Googlebot|bingbot|Baiduspider|yacybot|YandexMobileBot|YandexBot|Yahoo! Slurp|MJ12bot|AhrefsBot|archive.org_bot|msnbot|MJ12bot|SeznamBot|linkdexbot|Netvibes|SMTBot|zgrab|James BOT)"</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="s2">"actions"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"block"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"params"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"message"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"Rate limit exceeded"</span><span class="p">}}</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">},</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"IP limit"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"interval"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">interval</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="ow">in</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">sec</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">max</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">number</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="ow">in</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">interval</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"stop"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"aggregations"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Header:X-Forwarded-For"</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="s2">"actions"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"block"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"params"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"message"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"Rate limit exceeded"</span><span class="p">}}</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">},</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"rss/json limit"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"interval"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">interval</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="ow">in</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">sec</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">max</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">number</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="ow">in</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">interval</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"stop"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"filters"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Param:format=(csv|json|rss)"</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="s2">"actions"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"block"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"params"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"message"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"Rate limit exceeded"</span><span class="p">}}</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">},</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"useragent limit"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"interval"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">interval</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="ow">in</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">sec</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"limit"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="nb">max</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">number</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="ow">in</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">interval</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"aggregations"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Header:User-Agent"</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="s2">"actions"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"block"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">"params"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"message"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"Rate limit exceeded"</span><span class="p">}}</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="route-request-through-filtron">
<h2>Route request through filtron<a class="headerlink" href="#route-request-through-filtron" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Filtron can be started using the following command:</p>
<div class="code bash highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ filtron -rules rules.json
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>It listens on 127.0.0.1:4004 and forwards filtered requests to 127.0.0.1:8888 by default.</p>
<p>Use it along with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">nginx</span></code> with the following example configuration.</p>
<div class="code bash highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>location / {
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Scheme $scheme;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:4004/;
}
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Requests are coming from port 4004 going through filtron and then forwarded to port 8888 where a searx is being run.</p>
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