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faq entry for booting from external drive

Bob Mottram преди 6 години
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ревизия
56cf282737
променени са 2 файла, в които са добавени 198 реда и са изтрити 144 реда
  1. 17
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      doc/EN/faq.org
  2. 181
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      website/EN/faq.html

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doc/EN/faq.org Целия файл

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
20 20
 | [[What applications are supported?]]                                                          |
21 21
 | [[I don't have a static IP address. Can I still install this system?]]                        |
22 22
 | [[What are the best microSD cards to use?]]                                                   |
23
+| On a single board computer Can I boot from an external SSD or hard drive?                 |
23 24
 | [[Why Freedombone and not FreedomBox?]]                                                       |
24 25
 | [[Why not support building images for Raspberry Pi?]]                                         |
25 26
 | [[Why use Tor? I've heard it's used by bad people]]                                           |
@@ -62,6 +63,22 @@ Yes. The minimum requirements are to have some hardware that you can install Deb
62 63
 The lack of a static IP address can be worked around by using a dynamic DNS service. Freedombone uses [[https://troglobit.com/inadyn.html][inadyn]] , which supports a variety of dynamic DNS providers.
63 64
 * What are the best microSD cards to use?
64 65
 There can be big differences in the performance of microSD cards, and the cheaper ones are almost invariably terrible and/or unusable. Sandisk and Samsung currently appear to be the better brands. You can find some performance benchmarks [[http://www.pidramble.com/wiki/benchmarks/microsd-cards][here]]. However, benchmarks like this only give a very rough idea of performance and they can vary significantly between individual cards even within the same brand.
66
+* On a single board computer Can I boot from an external SSD or hard drive?
67
+Some single board computers, such as Cubieboards or OLinuxino, have a SATA socket on them which enables an external drive to be connected. Typically this is intended for extra file storage, but it is also possible to run the operating system from an external drive. This can have the advantage of significantly increasing the read/write performance and your apps will appear to run more quickly.
68
+
69
+Typically a microSD read speed is 10-30MB/s. And SSD or hard drive can be 100MB/s or more, so that's a big potential gain.
70
+
71
+Single board computers usually don't have the capability of booting directly from an external drive, but what you can do is boot from a partition on a microSD drive, which then runs the main filesystem (the rootfs) from the external drive.
72
+
73
+To create an image suitable for running from an SSD or hard drive use the --sata option, such as:
74
+
75
+#+BEGIN_SRC bash
76
+freedombone-image -t cubieboard2 --sata sda2
77
+#+END_SRC
78
+
79
+Note that the sata option should be set to point to the second partition on the drive, which is normally sda2.
80
+
81
+When the image is created then use the dd command to copy it both to a microSD card and to the SSD or hard drive. Plug them both into the board and it should then boot and use the external drive.
65 82
 * Why Freedombone and not FreedomBox?
66 83
 When the project began in late 2013 the FreedomBox project seemed to be going nowhere, and was only designed to work with the DreamPlug hardware. There was some new hardware out - the Beaglebone Black - which could run Debian and was also a free hardware design so seemed more appropriate. Hence the name "Freedombone", being like FreedomBox but on a Beaglebone. There are some similarities and differences between the two projects:
67 84
 

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website/EN/faq.html Целия файл

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
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@@ -262,155 +262,159 @@ for the JavaScript code in this tag.
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 </colgroup>
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 <tbody>
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org9ac9dc9">What applications are supported?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org329a160">What applications are supported?</a></td>
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 </tr>
267 267
 
268 268
 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org57cb5f7">I don't have a static IP address. Can I still install this system?</a></td>
269
+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgf7f36df">I don't have a static IP address. Can I still install this system?</a></td>
270 270
 </tr>
271 271
 
272 272
 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org2ec231a">What are the best microSD cards to use?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org2cb0453">What are the best microSD cards to use?</a></td>
274 274
 </tr>
275 275
 
276 276
 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgf562031">Why Freedombone and not FreedomBox?</a></td>
277
+<td class="org-left">On a single board computer Can I boot from an external SSD or hard drive?</td>
278 278
 </tr>
279 279
 
280 280
 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgba4b2dc">Why not support building images for Raspberry Pi?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org90aed2a">Why Freedombone and not FreedomBox?</a></td>
282 282
 </tr>
283 283
 
284 284
 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org8b22f5c">Why use Tor? I've heard it's used by bad people</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org1a4bd7f">Why not support building images for Raspberry Pi?</a></td>
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 </tr>
287 287
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgbaa6623">How is Tor integrated with Freedombone?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org773640f">Why use Tor? I've heard it's used by bad people</a></td>
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 </tr>
291 291
 
292 292
 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgbd702fd">Can I add a clearnet domain to an onion build?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orga3bdf57">How is Tor integrated with Freedombone?</a></td>
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 </tr>
295 295
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org4d09a2a">Why use Github?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org67ee6d9">Can I add a clearnet domain to an onion build?</a></td>
298 298
 </tr>
299 299
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org82e9020">After using nmap or other scanning tool I can no longer log in</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org4cddaf4">Why use Github?</a></td>
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 </tr>
303 303
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org6838add">Should I upload my GPG keys to keybase.io?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org4266365">After using nmap or other scanning tool I can no longer log in</a></td>
306 306
 </tr>
307 307
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgefe80fb">Keys and emails should not be stored on servers. Why do you do that?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org35f6c2f">Should I upload my GPG keys to keybase.io?</a></td>
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 </tr>
311 311
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org7659367">Why can't I access my .onion site with a Tor browser?</a></td>
313
+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org8dab2ae">Keys and emails should not be stored on servers. Why do you do that?</a></td>
314 314
 </tr>
315 315
 
316 316
 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org2bbb18a">What is the best hardware to run this system on?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org8631b4f">Why can't I access my .onion site with a Tor browser?</a></td>
318 318
 </tr>
319 319
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org15ecda8">Can I add more users to the system?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orga5945b9">What is the best hardware to run this system on?</a></td>
322 322
 </tr>
323 323
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgc47b161">Why not use Signal for mobile chat?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org7bb1ab1">Can I add more users to the system?</a></td>
326 326
 </tr>
327 327
 
328 328
 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgc0e8c86">What is the most secure chat app to use on mobile?</a></td>
329
+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgdbda578">Why not use Signal for mobile chat?</a></td>
330 330
 </tr>
331 331
 
332 332
 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org444799d">How do I remove a user from the system?</a></td>
333
+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org766d3cd">What is the most secure chat app to use on mobile?</a></td>
334 334
 </tr>
335 335
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgc9b4ece">Why is logging for web sites turned off by default?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org1ccf0f3">How do I remove a user from the system?</a></td>
338 338
 </tr>
339 339
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orge930cc5">How do I reset the tripwire?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org1d8a8ab">Why is logging for web sites turned off by default?</a></td>
342 342
 </tr>
343 343
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org0947e5a">Is metadata protected?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgd3a4b0b">How do I reset the tripwire?</a></td>
346 346
 </tr>
347 347
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgb32e5cb">How do I create email processing rules?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgef22930">Is metadata protected?</a></td>
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 </tr>
351 351
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgcc703f1">Why isn't dynamic DNS working?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgdee5769">How do I create email processing rules?</a></td>
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 </tr>
355 355
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgdb2c631">How do I change my encryption settings?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgfac79e0">Why isn't dynamic DNS working?</a></td>
358 358
 </tr>
359 359
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org748c030">How do I get a domain name?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgd422123">How do I change my encryption settings?</a></td>
362 362
 </tr>
363 363
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org20d848a">How do I get a "real" SSL/TLS/HTTPS certificate?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orge8654e3">How do I get a domain name?</a></td>
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 </tr>
367 367
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org364e5b4">How do I renew a Let's Encrypt certificate?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org4773191">How do I get a "real" SSL/TLS/HTTPS certificate?</a></td>
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 </tr>
371 371
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org92cc380">I tried to renew a Let's Encrypt certificate and it failed. What should I do?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgb50eb3c">How do I renew a Let's Encrypt certificate?</a></td>
374 374
 </tr>
375 375
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org7fdf511">Why not use the services of $company instead? They took the Seppuku pledge</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgf04d89a">I tried to renew a Let's Encrypt certificate and it failed. What should I do?</a></td>
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 </tr>
379 379
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org2ac01d7">Why does my email keep getting rejected as spam by Gmail/etc?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org9f0cc99">Why not use the services of $company instead? They took the Seppuku pledge</a></td>
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 </tr>
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orga441aa1">Tor is censored/blocked in my area. What can I do?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org4c58a8f">Why does my email keep getting rejected as spam by Gmail/etc?</a></td>
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 </tr>
387 387
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgaf2f408">I want to block a particular domain from getting its content into my social network sites</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgcbf1400">Tor is censored/blocked in my area. What can I do?</a></td>
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 </tr>
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgf5fd6ee">The mesh system doesn't boot from USB drive</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org560f169">I want to block a particular domain from getting its content into my social network sites</a></td>
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 </tr>
395 395
 
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 <tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org4b55e47">Mesh system doesn't connect to the network</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgc1460dc">The mesh system doesn't boot from USB drive</a></td>
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+</tr>
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+
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+<tr>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org0b9a9ba">Mesh system doesn't connect to the network</a></td>
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 </tr>
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 </tbody>
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 </table>
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 </div>
402 406
 
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-<div id="outline-container-org9ac9dc9" class="outline-2">
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-<h2 id="org9ac9dc9">What applications are supported?</h2>
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-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org9ac9dc9">
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+<div id="outline-container-org329a160" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="org329a160">What applications are supported?</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org329a160">
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 <p>
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 <a href="./apps.html">See here</a> for the complete list of apps. In addition to those as part of the base install you get an email server.
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 </p>
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 </div>
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 </div>
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-<div id="outline-container-org57cb5f7" class="outline-2">
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-<h2 id="org57cb5f7">I don't have a static IP address. Can I still install this system?</h2>
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-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org57cb5f7">
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+<div id="outline-container-orgf7f36df" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="orgf7f36df">I don't have a static IP address. Can I still install this system?</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgf7f36df">
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 <p>
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 Yes. The minimum requirements are to have some hardware that you can install Debian onto and also that you have administrator access to your internet router so that you can forward ports to the system which has Freedombone installed.
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 </p>
@@ -420,25 +424,58 @@ The lack of a static IP address can be worked around by using a dynamic DNS serv
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 </p>
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 </div>
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 </div>
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-<div id="outline-container-org2ec231a" class="outline-2">
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-<h2 id="org2ec231a">What are the best microSD cards to use?</h2>
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-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org2ec231a">
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+<div id="outline-container-org2cb0453" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="org2cb0453">What are the best microSD cards to use?</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org2cb0453">
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 <p>
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 There can be big differences in the performance of microSD cards, and the cheaper ones are almost invariably terrible and/or unusable. Sandisk and Samsung currently appear to be the better brands. You can find some performance benchmarks <a href="http://www.pidramble.com/wiki/benchmarks/microsd-cards">here</a>. However, benchmarks like this only give a very rough idea of performance and they can vary significantly between individual cards even within the same brand.
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 </p>
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 </div>
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 </div>
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-<div id="outline-container-orgf562031" class="outline-2">
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-<h2 id="orgf562031">Why Freedombone and not FreedomBox?</h2>
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-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgf562031">
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+<div id="outline-container-org0612db6" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="org0612db6">On a single board computer Can I boot from an external SSD or hard drive?</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org0612db6">
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+<p>
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+Some single board computers, such as Cubieboards or OLinuxino, have a SATA socket on them which enables an external drive to be connected. Typically this is intended for extra file storage, but it is also possible to run the operating system from an external drive. This can have the advantage of significantly increasing the read/write performance and your apps will appear to run more quickly.
440
+</p>
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+
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+<p>
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+Typically a microSD read speed is 10-30MB/s. And SSD or hard drive can be 100MB/s or more, so that's a big potential gain.
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+</p>
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+
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+<p>
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+Single board computers usually don't have the capability of booting directly from an external drive, but what you can do is boot from a partition on a microSD drive, which then runs the main filesystem (the rootfs) from the external drive.
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+</p>
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+
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+<p>
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+To create an image suitable for running from an SSD or hard drive use the &#x2013;sata option, such as:
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+</p>
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+
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+<div class="org-src-container">
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+<pre class="src src-bash">freedombone-image -t cubieboard2 --sata sda2
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+</pre>
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+</div>
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+
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+<p>
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+Note that the sata option should be set to point to the second partition on the drive, which is normally sda2.
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+</p>
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+
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+<p>
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+When the image is created then use the dd command to copy it both to a microSD card and to the SSD or hard drive. Plug them both into the board and it should then boot and use the external drive.
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+</p>
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+</div>
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+</div>
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+<div id="outline-container-org90aed2a" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="org90aed2a">Why Freedombone and not FreedomBox?</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org90aed2a">
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 <p>
435 472
 When the project began in late 2013 the FreedomBox project seemed to be going nowhere, and was only designed to work with the DreamPlug hardware. There was some new hardware out - the Beaglebone Black - which could run Debian and was also a free hardware design so seemed more appropriate. Hence the name "Freedombone", being like FreedomBox but on a Beaglebone. There are some similarities and differences between the two projects:
436 473
 </p>
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 </div>
438 475
 
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-<div id="outline-container-org973e1fe" class="outline-3">
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-<h3 id="org973e1fe">Similarities</h3>
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-<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-org973e1fe">
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+<div id="outline-container-org8d13d69" class="outline-3">
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+<h3 id="org8d13d69">Similarities</h3>
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+<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-org8d13d69">
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 <ul class="org-ul">
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 <li>Uses freedom-maker and vmdebootstrap to build debian images</li>
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 <li>Supports the use of Tor onion addresses to access websites</li>
@@ -452,9 +489,9 @@ When the project began in late 2013 the FreedomBox project seemed to be going no
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 </ul>
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 </div>
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 </div>
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-<div id="outline-container-org54e398b" class="outline-3">
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-<h3 id="org54e398b">Differences</h3>
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-<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-org54e398b">
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+<div id="outline-container-org9adaa99" class="outline-3">
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+<h3 id="org9adaa99">Differences</h3>
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+<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-org9adaa99">
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 <ul class="org-ul">
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 <li>FreedomBox is a Debian pure blend. Freedombone is not</li>
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 <li>Freedombone only supports Free Software. FreedomBox includes some closed binary boot blobs for certain ARM boards</li>
@@ -469,9 +506,9 @@ When the project began in late 2013 the FreedomBox project seemed to be going no
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 </div>
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 </div>
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 </div>
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-<div id="outline-container-orgba4b2dc" class="outline-2">
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-<h2 id="orgba4b2dc">Why not support building images for Raspberry Pi?</h2>
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-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgba4b2dc">
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+<div id="outline-container-org1a4bd7f" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="org1a4bd7f">Why not support building images for Raspberry Pi?</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org1a4bd7f">
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 <p>
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 The FreedomBox project supports Raspberry Pi builds, and the image build system for Freedombone is based on the same system. However, although the Raspberry Pi can run a version of Debian it requires a closed proprietary blob in order to boot the hardware. Who knows what that blob might contain or what exploits it could facilitate. From an adversarial point of view if you were trying to deliver "bulk equipment interference" then it doesn't get any better than piggybacking on something which has control of the boot process, and hence all subsequently run processes.
477 514
 </p>
@@ -481,9 +518,9 @@ So although the Raspberry Pi is cheap and hugely popular it's not supported by t
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 </p>
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 </div>
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 </div>
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-<div id="outline-container-org8b22f5c" class="outline-2">
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-<h2 id="org8b22f5c">Why use Tor? I've heard it's used by bad people</h2>
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-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org8b22f5c">
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+<div id="outline-container-org773640f" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="org773640f">Why use Tor? I've heard it's used by bad people</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org773640f">
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 <p>
488 525
 Years ago Tor was usually depicted in the mainstream media as something scary inhabited by cyberterrorists and other bad cybers, but today to a large extent Tor is accepted as just another way of routing data in a network. Depending upon where you live there may still be some amount of fearmongering about Tor, but it now seems clear that the trajectory is towards general acceptance.
489 526
 </p>
@@ -504,9 +541,9 @@ On the negative side it's a complex system which is not fully decentralized.
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 </p>
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 </div>
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 </div>
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-<div id="outline-container-orgbaa6623" class="outline-2">
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-<h2 id="orgbaa6623">How is Tor integrated with Freedombone?</h2>
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-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgbaa6623">
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+<div id="outline-container-orga3bdf57" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="orga3bdf57">How is Tor integrated with Freedombone?</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orga3bdf57">
510 547
 <p>
511 548
 Within this project Tor is used more to provide <i>accessibility</i> than the <i>anonymity</i> factor for which Tor is better known. The onion address system provides a way of being able to access sites even if you don't own a conventional domain name or don't have administrator access to your local internet router to be able to do port forwarding.
512 549
 </p>
@@ -524,17 +561,17 @@ Even if you're running the "onion only" build, this only means that sites are ac
524 561
 </p>
525 562
 </div>
526 563
 </div>
527
-<div id="outline-container-orgbd702fd" class="outline-2">
528
-<h2 id="orgbd702fd">Can I add a clearnet domain to an onion build?</h2>
529
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgbd702fd">
564
+<div id="outline-container-org67ee6d9" class="outline-2">
565
+<h2 id="org67ee6d9">Can I add a clearnet domain to an onion build?</h2>
566
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org67ee6d9">
530 567
 <p>
531 568
 You could if you manually edited the relevant nginx configuration files and installed some dynamic DNS system yourself. If you already have sysadmin knowledge then that's probably not too hard. But the builds created with the <b>onion-addresses-only</b> option aren't really intended to support access via clearnet domains.
532 569
 </p>
533 570
 </div>
534 571
 </div>
535
-<div id="outline-container-org4d09a2a" class="outline-2">
536
-<h2 id="org4d09a2a">Why use Github?</h2>
537
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org4d09a2a">
572
+<div id="outline-container-org4cddaf4" class="outline-2">
573
+<h2 id="org4cddaf4">Why use Github?</h2>
574
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org4cddaf4">
538 575
 <p>
539 576
 Github is paradoxically a centralized, closed and proprietary system which happens to mostly host free and open source projects. Up until now it has been relatively benign, but at some point in the name of "growth" it will likely start becoming more evil, or just become like SourceForge - which was also once much loved by FOSS developers, but turned into a den of malvertizing.
540 577
 </p>
@@ -552,17 +589,17 @@ Currently many of the repositories used for applications which are not yet packa
552 589
 </p>
553 590
 </div>
554 591
 </div>
555
-<div id="outline-container-org82e9020" class="outline-2">
556
-<h2 id="org82e9020">After using nmap or other scanning tool I can no longer log in</h2>
557
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org82e9020">
592
+<div id="outline-container-org4266365" class="outline-2">
593
+<h2 id="org4266365">After using nmap or other scanning tool I can no longer log in</h2>
594
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org4266365">
558 595
 <p>
559 596
 This system tries to block port scanners. Any other system trying to scan for open ports will have their IP address added to a temporary block list for 24 hours.
560 597
 </p>
561 598
 </div>
562 599
 </div>
563
-<div id="outline-container-org6838add" class="outline-2">
564
-<h2 id="org6838add">Should I upload my GPG keys to keybase.io?</h2>
565
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org6838add">
600
+<div id="outline-container-org35f6c2f" class="outline-2">
601
+<h2 id="org35f6c2f">Should I upload my GPG keys to keybase.io?</h2>
602
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org35f6c2f">
566 603
 <p>
567 604
 It's not recommended unless there exists some compelling reason for you to be on there. That site asks users to upload the <b>private keys</b>, and even if the keys are client side encrypted with a passphrase there's always the chance that there will be a data leak in future and letter agencies will then have a full time opportunity to crack the passphrases.
568 605
 </p>
@@ -572,9 +609,9 @@ Saying something resembling <i>"only noobs will use crackable private key passph
572 609
 </p>
573 610
 </div>
574 611
 </div>
575
-<div id="outline-container-orgefe80fb" class="outline-2">
576
-<h2 id="orgefe80fb">Keys and emails should not be stored on servers. Why do you do that?</h2>
577
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgefe80fb">
612
+<div id="outline-container-org8dab2ae" class="outline-2">
613
+<h2 id="org8dab2ae">Keys and emails should not be stored on servers. Why do you do that?</h2>
614
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org8dab2ae">
578 615
 <p>
579 616
 Ordinarily this is good advice. However, the threat model for a device in your home is different from the one for a generic server in a massive warehouse. Compare and contrast:
580 617
 </p>
@@ -632,9 +669,9 @@ In the home environment a box with a good firewall and no GUI components install
632 669
 </div>
633 670
 </div>
634 671
 
635
-<div id="outline-container-org7659367" class="outline-2">
636
-<h2 id="org7659367">Why can't I access my .onion site with a Tor browser?</h2>
637
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org7659367">
672
+<div id="outline-container-org8631b4f" class="outline-2">
673
+<h2 id="org8631b4f">Why can't I access my .onion site with a Tor browser?</h2>
674
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org8631b4f">
638 675
 <p>
639 676
 Probably you need to add the site to the NoScript whitelist. Typically click/press on the noscript icon (or select from the menu on mobile) then select <i>whitelist</i> and add the site URL. You may also need to disable HTTPS Everywhere when using onion addresses, which don't use https.
640 677
 </p>
@@ -644,9 +681,9 @@ Another factor to be aware of is that it can take a while for the onion address
644 681
 </p>
645 682
 </div>
646 683
 </div>
647
-<div id="outline-container-org2bbb18a" class="outline-2">
648
-<h2 id="org2bbb18a">What is the best hardware to run this system on?</h2>
649
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org2bbb18a">
684
+<div id="outline-container-orga5945b9" class="outline-2">
685
+<h2 id="orga5945b9">What is the best hardware to run this system on?</h2>
686
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orga5945b9">
650 687
 <p>
651 688
 It was originally designed to run on the Beaglebone Black, but that should be regarded as the most minimal system, because it's single core and has by today's standards a small amount of memory. Obviously the more powerful the hardware is the faster things like web pages (blog, social networking, etc) will be served but the more electricity such a system will require if you're running it 24/7. A good compromise between performance and energy consumption is something like an old netbook. The battery of an old netbook or laptop even gives you <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uninterruptible_power_supply">UPS capability</a> to keep the system going during brief power outages or cable re-arrangements, and that means using full disk encryption on the server also becomes more practical.
652 689
 </p>
@@ -656,9 +693,9 @@ It was originally designed to run on the Beaglebone Black, but that should be re
656 693
 </p>
657 694
 </div>
658 695
 </div>
659
-<div id="outline-container-org15ecda8" class="outline-2">
660
-<h2 id="org15ecda8">Can I add more users to the system?</h2>
661
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org15ecda8">
696
+<div id="outline-container-org7bb1ab1" class="outline-2">
697
+<h2 id="org7bb1ab1">Can I add more users to the system?</h2>
698
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org7bb1ab1">
662 699
 <p>
663 700
 Yes. Freedombone can support a small number of users, for a "<i>friends and family</i>" type of home installation. This gives them access to an email account, XMPP, SIP phone and the blog (depending on whether the variant which you installed includes those).
664 701
 </p>
@@ -681,9 +718,9 @@ Another point is that Freedombone installations are not intended to support many
681 718
 </p>
682 719
 </div>
683 720
 </div>
684
-<div id="outline-container-orgc47b161" class="outline-2">
685
-<h2 id="orgc47b161">Why not use Signal for mobile chat?</h2>
686
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgc47b161">
721
+<div id="outline-container-orgdbda578" class="outline-2">
722
+<h2 id="orgdbda578">Why not use Signal for mobile chat?</h2>
723
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgdbda578">
687 724
 <p>
688 725
 Celebrities recommend Signal. It's Free Software so it must be good, right?
689 726
 </p>
@@ -706,9 +743,9 @@ To give credit where it's due Signal is good, but it could be a lot better. The
706 743
 </p>
707 744
 </div>
708 745
 </div>
709
-<div id="outline-container-orgc0e8c86" class="outline-2">
710
-<h2 id="orgc0e8c86">What is the most secure chat app to use on mobile?</h2>
711
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgc0e8c86">
746
+<div id="outline-container-org766d3cd" class="outline-2">
747
+<h2 id="org766d3cd">What is the most secure chat app to use on mobile?</h2>
748
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org766d3cd">
712 749
 <p>
713 750
 On mobile there are various options. The apps which are likely to be most secure are ones which have end-to-end encryption enabled by default and which can also be onion routed via Orbot. End-to-end encryption secures the content of the message and onion routing obscures the metadata, making it hard for a passive adversary to know who is communicating with who.
714 751
 </p>
@@ -718,13 +755,13 @@ The current safest way to chat is to use <a href="https://conversations.im">Conv
718 755
 </p>
719 756
 
720 757
 <p>
721
-There are many <a href="#orgc47b161">other fashionable chat apps</a> with end-to-end security, but often they are closed source, have a single central server or can't be onion routed. It's also important to remember that closed source chat apps should be assumed to be untrustworthy, since their security cannot be independently verified.
758
+There are many <a href="#orgdbda578">other fashionable chat apps</a> with end-to-end security, but often they are closed source, have a single central server or can't be onion routed. It's also important to remember that closed source chat apps should be assumed to be untrustworthy, since their security cannot be independently verified.
722 759
 </p>
723 760
 </div>
724 761
 </div>
725
-<div id="outline-container-org444799d" class="outline-2">
726
-<h2 id="org444799d">How do I remove a user from the system?</h2>
727
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org444799d">
762
+<div id="outline-container-org1ccf0f3" class="outline-2">
763
+<h2 id="org1ccf0f3">How do I remove a user from the system?</h2>
764
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org1ccf0f3">
728 765
 <p>
729 766
 To remove a user:
730 767
 </p>
@@ -739,9 +776,9 @@ Select <i>Administrator controls</i> then <i>Manage Users</i> and then <i>Delete
739 776
 </p>
740 777
 </div>
741 778
 </div>
742
-<div id="outline-container-orgc9b4ece" class="outline-2">
743
-<h2 id="orgc9b4ece">Why is logging for web sites turned off by default?</h2>
744
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgc9b4ece">
779
+<div id="outline-container-org1d8a8ab" class="outline-2">
780
+<h2 id="org1d8a8ab">Why is logging for web sites turned off by default?</h2>
781
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org1d8a8ab">
745 782
 <p>
746 783
 If you're making profits out of the logs by running large server warehouses and then data mining what users click on - as is the business model of well known internet companies - then logging everything makes total sense. However, if you're running a home server then logging really only makes sense if you're trying to diagnose some specific problem with the system, and outside of that context logging everything becomes more of a liability than an asset.
747 784
 </p>
@@ -755,9 +792,9 @@ On the Freedombone system web logs containing IP addresses are turned off by def
755 792
 </p>
756 793
 </div>
757 794
 </div>
758
-<div id="outline-container-orge930cc5" class="outline-2">
759
-<h2 id="orge930cc5">How do I reset the tripwire?</h2>
760
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orge930cc5">
795
+<div id="outline-container-orgd3a4b0b" class="outline-2">
796
+<h2 id="orgd3a4b0b">How do I reset the tripwire?</h2>
797
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgd3a4b0b">
761 798
 <p>
762 799
 The tripwire will be automatically reset once per week. If you want to reset it earlier then do the following:
763 800
 </p>
@@ -772,9 +809,9 @@ Select <i>Administrator controls</i> then "reset tripwire" using cursors and spa
772 809
 </p>
773 810
 </div>
774 811
 </div>
775
-<div id="outline-container-org0947e5a" class="outline-2">
776
-<h2 id="org0947e5a">Is metadata protected?</h2>
777
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org0947e5a">
812
+<div id="outline-container-orgef22930" class="outline-2">
813
+<h2 id="orgef22930">Is metadata protected?</h2>
814
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgef22930">
778 815
 <blockquote>
779 816
 <p>
780 817
 "<i>We kill people based on metadata</i>"
@@ -790,9 +827,9 @@ Even when using Freedombone metadata analysis by third parties is still possible
790 827
 </p>
791 828
 </div>
792 829
 </div>
793
-<div id="outline-container-orgb32e5cb" class="outline-2">
794
-<h2 id="orgb32e5cb">How do I create email processing rules?</h2>
795
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgb32e5cb">
830
+<div id="outline-container-orgdee5769" class="outline-2">
831
+<h2 id="orgdee5769">How do I create email processing rules?</h2>
832
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgdee5769">
796 833
 <div class="org-src-container">
797 834
 <pre class="src src-bash">ssh username@domainname -p 2222
798 835
 </pre>
@@ -848,9 +885,9 @@ Spamassassin is also available and within Mutt you can use the S (shift+s) key t
848 885
 </p>
849 886
 </div>
850 887
 </div>
851
-<div id="outline-container-orgcc703f1" class="outline-2">
852
-<h2 id="orgcc703f1">Why isn't dynamic DNS working?</h2>
853
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgcc703f1">
888
+<div id="outline-container-orgfac79e0" class="outline-2">
889
+<h2 id="orgfac79e0">Why isn't dynamic DNS working?</h2>
890
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgfac79e0">
854 891
 <p>
855 892
 If you run the command:
856 893
 </p>
@@ -873,9 +910,9 @@ https://www.privateinternetaccess.com/pages/whats-my-ip/
873 910
 </div>
874 911
 </div>
875 912
 
876
-<div id="outline-container-orgdb2c631" class="outline-2">
877
-<h2 id="orgdb2c631">How do I change my encryption settings?</h2>
878
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgdb2c631">
913
+<div id="outline-container-orgd422123" class="outline-2">
914
+<h2 id="orgd422123">How do I change my encryption settings?</h2>
915
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgd422123">
879 916
 <p>
880 917
 Suppose that some new encryption vulnerability has been announced and that you need to change your encryption settings. Maybe an algorithm thought to be secure is now no longer so and you need to remove it. You can change your settings by doing the following:
881 918
 </p>
@@ -890,9 +927,9 @@ Select <i>Administrator controls</i> then select <i>Security Settings</i>. You w
890 927
 </p>
891 928
 </div>
892 929
 </div>
893
-<div id="outline-container-org748c030" class="outline-2">
894
-<h2 id="org748c030">How do I get a domain name?</h2>
895
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org748c030">
930
+<div id="outline-container-orge8654e3" class="outline-2">
931
+<h2 id="orge8654e3">How do I get a domain name?</h2>
932
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orge8654e3">
896 933
 <p>
897 934
 Suppose that you have bought a domain name (rather than using a free subdomain on freedns) and you want to use that instead.
898 935
 </p>
@@ -956,9 +993,9 @@ You should now be able to send an email from <i>postmaster@mynewdomainname</i> a
956 993
 </div>
957 994
 </div>
958 995
 
959
-<div id="outline-container-org20d848a" class="outline-2">
960
-<h2 id="org20d848a">How do I get a "real" SSL/TLS/HTTPS certificate?</h2>
961
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org20d848a">
996
+<div id="outline-container-org4773191" class="outline-2">
997
+<h2 id="org4773191">How do I get a "real" SSL/TLS/HTTPS certificate?</h2>
998
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org4773191">
962 999
 <p>
963 1000
 If you did the full install or selected the social variant then the system will have tried to obtain a Let's Encrypt certificate automatically during the install process. If this failed for any reason, or if you have created a new site which you need a certificate for then do the following:
964 1001
 </p>
@@ -977,9 +1014,9 @@ One thing to be aware of is that Let's Encrypt doesn't support many dynamic DNS
977 1014
 </p>
978 1015
 </div>
979 1016
 </div>
980
-<div id="outline-container-org364e5b4" class="outline-2">
981
-<h2 id="org364e5b4">How do I renew a Let's Encrypt certificate?</h2>
982
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org364e5b4">
1017
+<div id="outline-container-orgb50eb3c" class="outline-2">
1018
+<h2 id="orgb50eb3c">How do I renew a Let's Encrypt certificate?</h2>
1019
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgb50eb3c">
983 1020
 <p>
984 1021
 Normally certificates will be automatically renewed once per month, so you don't need to be concerned about it. If anything goes wrong with the automatic renewal then you should receive a warning email.
985 1022
 </p>
@@ -998,9 +1035,9 @@ Select <i>Administrator controls</i> then <b>Security settings</b> then <b>Renew
998 1035
 </p>
999 1036
 </div>
1000 1037
 </div>
1001
-<div id="outline-container-org92cc380" class="outline-2">
1002
-<h2 id="org92cc380">I tried to renew a Let's Encrypt certificate and it failed. What should I do?</h2>
1003
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org92cc380">
1038
+<div id="outline-container-orgf04d89a" class="outline-2">
1039
+<h2 id="orgf04d89a">I tried to renew a Let's Encrypt certificate and it failed. What should I do?</h2>
1040
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgf04d89a">
1004 1041
 <p>
1005 1042
 Most likely it's because Let's Encrypt doesn't support your particular domain or subdomain. Currently free subdomains tend not to work. You'll need to buy a domain name, link it to your dynamic DNS account and then do:
1006 1043
 </p>
@@ -1015,17 +1052,17 @@ Select <i>Administrator controls</i> then <b>Security settings</b> then <b>Creat
1015 1052
 </p>
1016 1053
 </div>
1017 1054
 </div>
1018
-<div id="outline-container-org7fdf511" class="outline-2">
1019
-<h2 id="org7fdf511">Why not use the services of $company instead? They took the Seppuku pledge</h2>
1020
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org7fdf511">
1055
+<div id="outline-container-org9f0cc99" class="outline-2">
1056
+<h2 id="org9f0cc99">Why not use the services of $company instead? They took the Seppuku pledge</h2>
1057
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org9f0cc99">
1021 1058
 <p>
1022 1059
 <a href="https://cryptostorm.org/viewtopic.php?f=63&amp;t=2954&amp;sid=7de2d1e699cfde2f574e6a7f6ea5a173">That pledge</a> is utterly worthless. Years ago people trusted Google in the same sort of way, because they promised not be be evil and because a lot of the engineers working for them seemed like honest types who were "<i>on our side</i>". Post-<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymwars">nymwars</a> and post-<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRISM_(surveillance_program)">PRISM</a> we know exactly how much Google cared about the privacy and security of its users. But Google is only one particular example. In general don't trust pledges made by companies, even if the people running them seem really sincere.
1023 1060
 </p>
1024 1061
 </div>
1025 1062
 </div>
1026
-<div id="outline-container-org2ac01d7" class="outline-2">
1027
-<h2 id="org2ac01d7">Why does my email keep getting rejected as spam by Gmail/etc?</h2>
1028
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org2ac01d7">
1063
+<div id="outline-container-org4c58a8f" class="outline-2">
1064
+<h2 id="org4c58a8f">Why does my email keep getting rejected as spam by Gmail/etc?</h2>
1065
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org4c58a8f">
1029 1066
 <p>
1030 1067
 Welcome to the world of email. Email is really the archetypal decentralized service, developed during the early days of the internet. In principle anyone can run an email server, and that's exactly what you're doing with Freedombone. Email is very useful, but it has a big problem, and that's that the protocols are totally insecure. That made it easy for spammers to do their thing, and in response highly elaborate spam filtering and blocking systems were developed. Chances are that your emails are being blocked in this way. Sometimes the blocking is so indisciminate that entire countries are excluded. What can you do about it? Unless you control the block list at the receiving end you may not be able to do much unless you can find an email proxy server which is trusted by the receiving server.
1031 1068
 </p>
@@ -1056,9 +1093,9 @@ So the situation with email presently is pretty bad, and there's a clear selecti
1056 1093
 </p>
1057 1094
 </div>
1058 1095
 </div>
1059
-<div id="outline-container-orga441aa1" class="outline-2">
1060
-<h2 id="orga441aa1">Tor is censored/blocked in my area. What can I do?</h2>
1061
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orga441aa1">
1096
+<div id="outline-container-orgcbf1400" class="outline-2">
1097
+<h2 id="orgcbf1400">Tor is censored/blocked in my area. What can I do?</h2>
1098
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgcbf1400">
1062 1099
 <p>
1063 1100
 If you can find some details for an obfs4 Tor bridge (its IP address, port number and key or nickname) then you can set up the system to use it to connect to the Tor network. Unlike relay nodes the IP addresses for bridges are not public information and so can't be easily known and added to block lists by authoritarian regimes or over-zealous ISPs.
1064 1101
 </p>
@@ -1083,9 +1120,9 @@ You can also set your system to act as a Tor bridge, although this is not recomm
1083 1120
 </div>
1084 1121
 </div>
1085 1122
 
1086
-<div id="outline-container-orgaf2f408" class="outline-2">
1087
-<h2 id="orgaf2f408">I want to block a particular domain from getting its content into my social network sites</h2>
1088
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgaf2f408">
1123
+<div id="outline-container-org560f169" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="org560f169">I want to block a particular domain from getting its content into my social network sites</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org560f169">
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 <p>
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 If you're being pestered by some domain which contains bad/illegal/harrassing content or irritating users you can block domains at the firewall level. Go to the administrator control panel and select <i>domain blocking</i>. You can then block, unblock and view the list of blocked domains.
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 </p>
@@ -1100,9 +1137,9 @@ Select <i>Administrator controls</i> then <i>Domain blocking</i>.
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 </div>
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 </div>
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-<div id="outline-container-orgf5fd6ee" class="outline-2">
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-<h2 id="orgf5fd6ee">The mesh system doesn't boot from USB drive</h2>
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-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgf5fd6ee">
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+<div id="outline-container-orgc1460dc" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="orgc1460dc">The mesh system doesn't boot from USB drive</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgc1460dc">
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 <p>
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 If the system doesn't boot and reports an error which includes <b>/dev/mapper/loop0p1</b> then reboot with <b>Ctrl-Alt-Del</b> and when you see the grub menu press <b>e</b> and manually change <b>/dev/mapper/loop0p1</b> to <b>/dev/sdb1</b>, then press <b>Ctrl-x</b>. If that doesn't work then reboot and try <b>/dev/sdc1</b> instead.
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 </p>
@@ -1113,9 +1150,9 @@ After the system has booted successfully the problem should resolve itself on su
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 </div>
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 </div>
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1116
-<div id="outline-container-org4b55e47" class="outline-2">
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-<h2 id="org4b55e47">Mesh system doesn't connect to the network</h2>
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-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org4b55e47">
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+<div id="outline-container-org0b9a9ba" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="org0b9a9ba">Mesh system doesn't connect to the network</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org0b9a9ba">
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 <p>
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 Sometimes after boot the mesh system won't connect to other peers on the network. If this happens select the <b>network restart</b> icon and enter the password, which by default is just "freedombone". Wait for a few minutes to see if it connects.
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 </p>