Browse Source

Having read more about Google push delivery

Bob Mottram 8 years ago
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369b9efc7a
2 changed files with 99 additions and 180 deletions
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@@ -98,7 +98,8 @@ If you are currently using a proprietary chat app, something without any encrypt
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  * *It's based on a single server* run by Open Whisper Systems. That's a single point of failure and ought to be a big red flag (of the sporting rather than the socialist variety) as a possible locus for concentrated nefariousness.
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  * *It requires the installation of Google Play*. If you already have Google Play installed on a stock Android OS then this doesn't increase your security problems, but for other more secure Android variants it's a massive increase in attack surface.
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- * *It depends entirely upon the Google message pushing system*. That means that Google /has the complete and corresponding social graph of all Signal users, indexed conveniently by telephone number/. Remember that for an adversary metadata in aggregate is much better than having the content of messages. At any time Google could decide that it doesn't want to support Signal, or in adverse circumstances they could be leaned upon by the usual agencies or government cronies.
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+ * *It depends entirely upon the Google message pushing system*. That means that Google /at least knows who Signal messages are being sent to and may be able to infer the rest via your (insecure) Android phone contact list or via timing correlation of alternating deliveries/. Remember that for an adversary metadata in aggregate is much better than having the content of messages. At any time Google could decide that it doesn't want to support Signal, or in adverse circumstances they could be leaned upon by the usual agencies or government cronies.
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+ * Their privacy policy indicates that they will give whatever server data they have to third parties under some conditions. Of course this is always claimed to be /for the very best of reasons/ - such as combating fraud - but once that sort of disclosure capability exists it may be abused without you ever knowing about it.
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 * What is the most secure chat app to use on mobile?
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 On mobile there are various options. The apps which are likely to be most secure are ones which have end-to-end encryption enabled by default and which can also be onion routed via Orbot. End-to-end encryption secures the content of the message and onion routing obscures the metadata, making it hard for a passive adversary to know who is communicating with who.
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org5833119">I don't have a static IP address. Can I still install this system?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orga38e025">Why not support building images for Raspberry Pi?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgeed951f">Why not support building images for Raspberry Pi?</a></td>
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 </tr>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgc7a829f">Why use Github?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org518d664">Why use Github?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org8a2ba14">Keys and emails should not be stored on servers. Why do you do that?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org6f9d9e9">Keys and emails should not be stored on servers. Why do you do that?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgdfce0af">Why can't I access my .onion site with a Tor browser?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#org6276ec1">Why can't I access my .onion site with a Tor browser?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org076d569">What is the best hardware to run this system on?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org955e97c">Can I add more users to the system?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org16d59ee">Why not use Signal for mobile chat?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org8119d23">What is the most secure chat app to use on mobile?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org4d5e677">How do I remove a user from the system?</a></td>
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+<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgb130d15">How do I remove a user from the system?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org6f5308e">How do I reset the tripwire?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org7e67ac1">Is metadata protected?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orge707b46">How do I create email processing rules?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgc2341ce">Why isn't dynamic DNS working?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orged2a10a">How do I change my encryption settings?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgea1c378">How do I get a domain name?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgf339015">How do I get a "real" SSL/TLS/HTTPS certificate?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org0ba77df">How do I renew a Let's Encrypt certificate?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#org2d6e967">Why use self-signed certificates?</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orge47b90b">Why not use the services of $company instead? They took the Seppuku pledge</a></td>
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-<td class="org-left"><a href="#orgdd890fc">Why does my email keep getting rejected as spam by Gmail/etc?</a></td>
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-<h2 id="org5833119">I don't have a static IP address. Can I still install this system?</h2>
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 <p>
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 Yes. The minimum requirements are to have some hardware that you can install Debian onto and also that you have administrator access to your internet router so that you can forward ports to the system which has Freedombone installed.
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 The FreedomBox project supports Raspberry Pi builds, and the image build system for Freedombone is based on the same system. However, although the Raspberry Pi can run a version of Debian it requires a closed proprietary blob in order to boot the hardware. Who knows what that blob might contain or what exploits it could facilitate. From an adversarial point of view if you were trying to deliver "bulk equipment interference" then it doesn't get any better than piggybacking on something which has control of the boot process, and hence all subsequently run processes.
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 Github is paradoxically a centralized, closed and proprietary system which happens to mostly host free and open source projects. Up until now it has been relatively benign, but at some point in the name of "growth" it will likely start becoming more evil, or just become like SourceForge - which was also once much loved by FOSS developers, but turned into a den of malvertizing.
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 Ordinarily this is good advice. However, the threat model for a device in your home is different from the one for a generic server in a massive warehouse. Compare and contrast:
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 <p>
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 Probably you need to add the site to the NoScript whitelist. Typically click/press on the noscript icon (or select from the menu on mobile) then select <i>whitelist</i> and add the site URL. You may also need to disable HTTPS Everywhere when using onion addresses, which don't use https.
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 <p>
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 It was originally designed to run on the Beaglebone Black, but that should be regarded as the most minimal system, because it's single core and has by today's standards a small amount of memory. Obviously the more powerful the hardware is the faster things like web pages (blog, social networking, etc) will be served but the more electricity such a system will require if you're running it 24/7. A good compromise between performance and energy consumption is something like an old netbook. The battery of an old netbook or laptop even gives you <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uninterruptible_power_supply">UPS capability</a> to keep the system going during brief power outages or cable re-arrangements, and that means using full disk encryption on the server also becomes more practical.
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 Yes. Freedombone can support a small number of users, for a "<i>friends and family</i>" type of home installation. This gives them access to an email account, XMPP, SIP phone and the blog (depending on whether the variant which you installed includes those).
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 Celebrities recommend Signal. It's Free Software so it must be good, right?
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@@ -512,13 +429,14 @@ If you are currently using a proprietary chat app, something without any encrypt
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 <ul class="org-ul">
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 <li><b>It's based on a single server</b> run by Open Whisper Systems. That's a single point of failure and ought to be a big red flag (of the sporting rather than the socialist variety) as a possible locus for concentrated nefariousness.</li>
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 <li><b>It requires the installation of Google Play</b>. If you already have Google Play installed on a stock Android OS then this doesn't increase your security problems, but for other more secure Android variants it's a massive increase in attack surface.</li>
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-<li><b>It depends entirely upon the Google message pushing system</b>. That means that Google <i>has the complete and corresponding social graph of all Signal users, indexed conveniently by telephone number</i>. Remember that for an adversary metadata in aggregate is much better than having the content of messages. At any time Google could decide that it doesn't want to support Signal, or in adverse circumstances they could be leaned upon by the usual agencies or government cronies.</li>
432
+<li><b>It depends entirely upon the Google message pushing system</b>. That means that Google <i>at least knows who Signal messages are being sent to and may be able to infer the rest via your (insecure) Android phone contact list or via timing correlation of alternating deliveries</i>. Remember that for an adversary metadata in aggregate is much better than having the content of messages. At any time Google could decide that it doesn't want to support Signal, or in adverse circumstances they could be leaned upon by the usual agencies or government cronies.</li>
433
+<li>Their privacy policy indicates that they will give whatever server data they have to third parties under some conditions. Of course this is always claimed to be <i>for the very best of reasons</i> - such as combating fraud - but once that sort of disclosure capability exists it may be abused without you ever knowing about it.</li>
516 434
 </ul>
517 435
 </div>
518 436
 </div>
519
-<div id="outline-container-org8119d23" class="outline-2">
520
-<h2 id="org8119d23">What is the most secure chat app to use on mobile?</h2>
521
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org8119d23">
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+<div id="outline-container-org61fd356" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="org61fd356">What is the most secure chat app to use on mobile?</h2>
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+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org61fd356">
522 440
 <p>
523 441
 On mobile there are various options. The apps which are likely to be most secure are ones which have end-to-end encryption enabled by default and which can also be onion routed via Orbot. End-to-end encryption secures the content of the message and onion routing obscures the metadata, making it hard for a passive adversary to know who is communicating with who.
524 442
 </p>
@@ -532,9 +450,9 @@ There are many other fashionable chat apps with end-to-end security, but often t
532 450
 </p>
533 451
 </div>
534 452
 </div>
535
-<div id="outline-container-org4d5e677" class="outline-2">
536
-<h2 id="org4d5e677">How do I remove a user from the system?</h2>
537
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org4d5e677">
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+<div id="outline-container-orgb130d15" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="orgb130d15">How do I remove a user from the system?</h2>
455
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgb130d15">
538 456
 <p>
539 457
 To remove a user:
540 458
 </p>
@@ -550,9 +468,9 @@ Select <i>Administrator controls</i> then <i>Manage Users</i> and then <i>Delete
550 468
 </p>
551 469
 </div>
552 470
 </div>
553
-<div id="outline-container-org6f5308e" class="outline-2">
554
-<h2 id="org6f5308e">How do I reset the tripwire?</h2>
555
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org6f5308e">
471
+<div id="outline-container-orgf592313" class="outline-2">
472
+<h2 id="orgf592313">How do I reset the tripwire?</h2>
473
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgf592313">
556 474
 <p>
557 475
 The tripwire will be automatically reset once per week. If you want to reset it earlier then do the following:
558 476
 </p>
@@ -568,9 +486,9 @@ Select <i>Administrator controls</i> then "reset tripwire" using cursors and spa
568 486
 </p>
569 487
 </div>
570 488
 </div>
571
-<div id="outline-container-org7e67ac1" class="outline-2">
572
-<h2 id="org7e67ac1">Is metadata protected?</h2>
573
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org7e67ac1">
489
+<div id="outline-container-org3372f2a" class="outline-2">
490
+<h2 id="org3372f2a">Is metadata protected?</h2>
491
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org3372f2a">
574 492
 <blockquote>
575 493
 <p>
576 494
 "<i>We kill people based on metadata</i>"
@@ -586,9 +504,9 @@ Even when using Freedombone metadata analysis by third parties is still possible
586 504
 </p>
587 505
 </div>
588 506
 </div>
589
-<div id="outline-container-orge707b46" class="outline-2">
590
-<h2 id="orge707b46">How do I create email processing rules?</h2>
591
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orge707b46">
507
+<div id="outline-container-org3c8f887" class="outline-2">
508
+<h2 id="org3c8f887">How do I create email processing rules?</h2>
509
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org3c8f887">
592 510
 <div class="org-src-container">
593 511
 
594 512
 <pre class="src src-bash">ssh username@domainname -p 2222
@@ -645,9 +563,9 @@ Spamassassin is also available and within Mutt you can use the S (shift+s) key t
645 563
 </p>
646 564
 </div>
647 565
 </div>
648
-<div id="outline-container-orgc2341ce" class="outline-2">
649
-<h2 id="orgc2341ce">Why isn't dynamic DNS working?</h2>
650
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgc2341ce">
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+<div id="outline-container-orgf4dca3f" class="outline-2">
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+<h2 id="orgf4dca3f">Why isn't dynamic DNS working?</h2>
568
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgf4dca3f">
651 569
 <p>
652 570
 If you run the command:
653 571
 </p>
@@ -715,9 +633,9 @@ http://httpbin.org/ip
715 633
 </div>
716 634
 </div>
717 635
 
718
-<div id="outline-container-orged2a10a" class="outline-2">
719
-<h2 id="orged2a10a">How do I change my encryption settings?</h2>
720
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orged2a10a">
636
+<div id="outline-container-orga5c8552" class="outline-2">
637
+<h2 id="orga5c8552">How do I change my encryption settings?</h2>
638
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orga5c8552">
721 639
 <p>
722 640
 Suppose that some new encryption vulnerability has been announced and that you need to change your encryption settings. Maybe an algorithm thought to be secure is now no longer so and you need to remove it. You can change your settings by doing the following:
723 641
 </p>
@@ -733,9 +651,9 @@ Select <i>Administrator controls</i> then select <i>Security Settings</i>. You w
733 651
 </p>
734 652
 </div>
735 653
 </div>
736
-<div id="outline-container-orgea1c378" class="outline-2">
737
-<h2 id="orgea1c378">How do I get a domain name?</h2>
738
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgea1c378">
654
+<div id="outline-container-org63db5c8" class="outline-2">
655
+<h2 id="org63db5c8">How do I get a domain name?</h2>
656
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org63db5c8">
739 657
 <p>
740 658
 Suppose that you have bought a domain name (rather than using a free subdomain on freedns) and you want to use that instead.
741 659
 </p>
@@ -803,9 +721,9 @@ You should now be able to send an email from <i>postmaster@mynewdomainname</i> a
803 721
 </div>
804 722
 </div>
805 723
 
806
-<div id="outline-container-orgf339015" class="outline-2">
807
-<h2 id="orgf339015">How do I get a "real" SSL/TLS/HTTPS certificate?</h2>
808
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgf339015">
724
+<div id="outline-container-orgdfe03d7" class="outline-2">
725
+<h2 id="orgdfe03d7">How do I get a "real" SSL/TLS/HTTPS certificate?</h2>
726
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgdfe03d7">
809 727
 <p>
810 728
 If you did the full install or selected the social variant then the system will have tried to obtain a Let's Encrypt certificate automatically during the install process. If this failed for any reason, or if you have created a new site which you need a certificate for then do the following:
811 729
 </p>
@@ -825,9 +743,9 @@ One thing to be aware of is that Let's Encrypt doesn't support many dynamic DNS
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 </p>
826 744
 </div>
827 745
 </div>
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-<div id="outline-container-org0ba77df" class="outline-2">
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-<h2 id="org0ba77df">How do I renew a Let's Encrypt certificate?</h2>
830
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org0ba77df">
746
+<div id="outline-container-org1836ba3" class="outline-2">
747
+<h2 id="org1836ba3">How do I renew a Let's Encrypt certificate?</h2>
748
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org1836ba3">
831 749
 <p>
832 750
 Normally certificates will be automatically renewed once per month, so you don't need to be concerned about it. If anything goes wrong with the automatic renewal then you should receive a warning email.
833 751
 </p>
@@ -847,9 +765,9 @@ Select <i>Administrator controls</i> then <b>Security settings</b> then <b>Renew
847 765
 </p>
848 766
 </div>
849 767
 </div>
850
-<div id="outline-container-org0f83712" class="outline-2">
851
-<h2 id="org0f83712">I tried to renew a Let's Encrypt certificate and it failed. What should I do?</h2>
852
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org0f83712">
768
+<div id="outline-container-org7fcac9e" class="outline-2">
769
+<h2 id="org7fcac9e">I tried to renew a Let's Encrypt certificate and it failed. What should I do?</h2>
770
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org7fcac9e">
853 771
 <p>
854 772
 Most likely it's because Let's Encrypt doesn't support your particular domain or subdomain. Currently free subdomains tend not to work. You'll need to buy a domain name, link it to your dynamic DNS account and then do:
855 773
 </p>
@@ -865,9 +783,9 @@ Select <i>Administrator controls</i> then <b>Security settings</b> then <b>Creat
865 783
 </p>
866 784
 </div>
867 785
 </div>
868
-<div id="outline-container-org2d6e967" class="outline-2">
869
-<h2 id="org2d6e967">Why use self-signed certificates?</h2>
870
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org2d6e967">
786
+<div id="outline-container-org4092726" class="outline-2">
787
+<h2 id="org4092726">Why use self-signed certificates?</h2>
788
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org4092726">
871 789
 <p>
872 790
 Almost everywhere on the web you will read that self-signed certificates are worthless. They bring up <i>scary-scary looking</i> browser warnings and gurus will advise you not to use them. Self-signed certificates are quite useful though. What the scary warnings mean - and it would be good if they explained this more clearly - is that you have an encrypted connection established but there is <i>no certainty about who that connection is with</i>.
873 791
 </p>
@@ -889,17 +807,17 @@ For now a self-signed certificate will probably in most cases protect your commu
889 807
 </p>
890 808
 </div>
891 809
 </div>
892
-<div id="outline-container-orge47b90b" class="outline-2">
893
-<h2 id="orge47b90b">Why not use the services of $company instead? They took the Seppuku pledge</h2>
894
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orge47b90b">
810
+<div id="outline-container-org1eadbae" class="outline-2">
811
+<h2 id="org1eadbae">Why not use the services of $company instead? They took the Seppuku pledge</h2>
812
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-org1eadbae">
895 813
 <p>
896 814
 <a href="https://cryptostorm.org/viewtopic.php?f=63&amp;t=2954&amp;sid=7de2d1e699cfde2f574e6a7f6ea5a173">That pledge</a> is utterly worthless. Years ago people trusted Google in the same sort of way, because they promised not be be evil and because a lot of the engineers working for them seemed like honest types who were "<i>on our side</i>". Post-<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymwars">nymwars</a> and post-<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRISM_(surveillance_program)">PRISM</a> we know exactly how much Google cared about the privacy and security of its users. But Google is only one particular example. In general don't trust pledges made by companies, even if the people running them seem really sincere.
897 815
 </p>
898 816
 </div>
899 817
 </div>
900
-<div id="outline-container-orgdd890fc" class="outline-2">
901
-<h2 id="orgdd890fc">Why does my email keep getting rejected as spam by Gmail/etc?</h2>
902
-<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orgdd890fc">
818
+<div id="outline-container-orge2c17a0" class="outline-2">
819
+<h2 id="orge2c17a0">Why does my email keep getting rejected as spam by Gmail/etc?</h2>
820
+<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-orge2c17a0">
903 821
 <p>
904 822
 Welcome to the world of email. Email is really the archetypal decentralized service, developed during the early days of the internet. In principle anyone can run an email server, and that's exactly what you're doing with Freedombone. Email is very useful, but it has a big problem, and that's that the protocols are totally insecure. That made it easy for spammers to do their thing, and in response highly elaborate spam filtering and blocking systems were developed. Chances are that your emails are being blocked in this way. Sometimes the blocking is so indisciminate that entire countries are excluded. What can you do about it? Unless you control the block list at the receiving end you may not be able to do much unless you can find an email proxy server which is trusted by the receiving server.
905 823
 </p>